CiteProvebeta

Verify Vancouver citations

Vancouver citations are numbered and terse, often anchored by a PMID. In biomedicine the highest-stakes errors are a PMID that resolves to an unrelated paper and citing a study that has since been retracted — both of which we check explicitly.

Paste your Vancouver reference list

Free · streams results as they resolve

Vancouver reference anatomy

Author(s). Title. Journal. Year;Volume(Issue):pages.

LeCun Y, Bengio Y, Hinton G. Deep learning. Nature. 2015;521(7553):436-44.

What goes wrong in Vancouver bibliographies

  • Fabricated PMIDs that resolve to unrelated biomedical papers
  • Journal abbreviations that don't correspond to any indexed journal
  • Citing retracted clinical studies without the retraction notice

A Vancouver citation we would flag

Wakefield AJ, et al. Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia and pervasive developmental disorder in children. Lancet. 1998;351(9103):637-41.

Partial — real source, fields differ

The article is real and locatable, but it was retracted. We surface a retraction warning alongside the match so it is never cited as sound evidence.